Section 610.140

There are multiple enactments of 610.140

Title XXXIX CONDUCT OF PUBLIC BUSINESS

Chapter 610

Effective - 01 Jan 2025, 6 histories, see footnote   

  610.140.  Expungement of certain criminal records — definitions — petition, contents, procedure — effect of expungement on employer inquiry — lifetime limits. — 1.  For the purposes of this section, the following terms mean:

  (1)  "Court", any Missouri municipal, associate circuit, or circuit court;

  (2)  "Crime", any offense, violation, or infraction of Missouri state, county, municipal, or administrative law;

  (3)  "Prosecutor" or "prosecuting attorney", the prosecuting attorney, circuit attorney, or municipal prosecuting attorney.

  2.  (1)  Notwithstanding any other provision of law and subject to the provisions of this section, any person may apply to any court in which such person was charged or found guilty of any crimes for an order to expunge records of such arrest, plea, trial, or conviction.

  (2)  Subject to the limitations of subsection 13 of this section, a person may apply to have one or more crimes expunged if each such crime occurred within the state of Missouri and was prosecuted under the jurisdiction of a Missouri court, so long as such person lists all the crimes he or she is seeking to have expunged in the petition and so long as all such crimes are not excluded under subsection 3 of this section.

  (3)  If the crimes sought to be expunged were committed as part of the same course of criminal conduct, the person may include all such related crimes in the petition, regardless of the limits of subsection 13 of this section, and those related crimes shall only count as the highest level for the purpose of determining current and future eligibility for expungement.

  3.  The following crimes shall not be eligible for expungement under this section:

  (1)  Any class A felony offense;

  (2)  Any dangerous felony as that term is defined in section 556.061;

  (3)  Any offense that requires registration as a sex offender;

  (4)  Any felony offense where death is an element of the offense;

  (5)  Any felony offense of assault; misdemeanor or felony offense of domestic assault; or felony offense of kidnapping;

  (6)  Any offense listed, previously listed, or is a successor to an offense in chapter 566 or section 105.454, 105.478, 115.631, 130.028, 188.030, 188.080, 191.677, 194.425, 217.385, 334.245, 375.991, 389.653, 455.085, 455.538, 557.035, 565.120, 565.130, 565.156, 566.093, 566.111, 566.115, 566.116, 568.020, 568.030, 568.032, 568.045, 568.060, 568.065, 568.175, 569.040, 569.050, 569.055, 569.060, 569.065, 569.067^*, 569.072^**, 569.160, 570.025, 570.090, 570.180, 570.223, 570.224, 570.310, 571.020, 571.060, 571.063, 571.070, 571.072, 571.150, 573.200, 573.205, 574.070, 574.105, 574.115, 574.120, 574.130, 574.140, 575.040, 575.095, 575.153, 575.155, 575.157, 575.159, 575.195, 575.200, 575.210, 575.220, 575.230, 575.240, 575.353, 577.078, 577.703, 577.706, or 632.520;

  (7)  Any offense eligible for expungement under section 610.130;

  (8)  Any intoxication-related traffic or boating offense as defined in section 577.001, or any offense of operating an aircraft with an excessive blood alcohol content or while in an intoxicated condition;

  (9)  Any ordinance violation that is the substantial equivalent of any offense that is not eligible for expungement under this section;

  (10)  Any violation of any state law or county or municipal ordinance regulating the operation of motor vehicles when committed by an individual who has been issued a commercial driver's license or is required to possess a commercial driver's license issued by this state or any other state; and

  (11)  Any offense of section 571.030, except any offense under subdivision (1) of subsection 1 of section 571.030 where the person was convicted or found guilty prior to January 1, 2017, or any offense under subdivision (4) of subsection 1 of section 571.030.

  4.  The petition shall name as defendants all law enforcement agencies, courts, prosecuting or circuit attorneys, central state repositories of criminal records, or others who the petitioner has reason to believe may possess the records subject to expungement for each of the crimes listed in the petition.  The court's order of expungement shall not affect any person or entity not named as a defendant in the action.

  5.  The petition shall include the following information:

  (1)  The petitioner's:

  (a)  Full name;

  (b)  Sex;

  (c)  Race;

  (d)  Driver's license number, if applicable; and

  (e)  Current address;

  (2)  Each crime for which the petitioner is requesting expungement;

  (3)  The approximate date the petitioner was charged for each crime; and

  (4)  The name of the county where the petitioner was charged for each crime and if any of the crimes occurred in a municipality, the name of the municipality for each crime; and

  (5)  The case number and name of the court for each crime.

  6.  The clerk of the court shall give notice of the filing of the petition to the office of the prosecuting attorney that prosecuted the crimes listed in the petition.  If the prosecuting attorney objects to the petition for expungement, he or she shall do so in writing within thirty days after receipt of service.  Unless otherwise agreed upon by the parties, the court shall hold a hearing within sixty days after any written objection is filed, giving reasonable notice of the hearing to the petitioner.  If no objection has been filed within thirty days after receipt of service, the court may set a hearing on the matter and shall give reasonable notice of the hearing to each entity named in the petition.  At any hearing, the court may accept evidence and hear testimony on, and may consider, the following criteria for each of the crimes listed in the petition for expungement:

  (1)  At the time the petition is filed, it has been at least three years if the offense is a felony, or at least one year if the offense is a misdemeanor, municipal violation, or infraction, from the date the petitioner completed any authorized disposition imposed under section 557.011 for each crime listed in the petition;

  (2)  At the time the petition is filed, the person has not been found guilty of any other misdemeanor or felony, not including violations of the traffic regulations provided under chapters 301, 302, 303, 304, and 307, during the time period specified for the underlying crime in subdivision (1) of this subsection;

  (3)  The person has satisfied all obligations relating to any such disposition, including the payment of any fines or restitution;

  (4)  The person does not have charges pending;

  (5)  The petitioner's habits and conduct demonstrate that the petitioner is not a threat to the public safety of the state; and

  (6)  The expungement is consistent with the public welfare and the interests of justice warrant the expungement.

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A pleading by the petitioner that such petitioner meets the requirements of subdivisions (5) and (6) of this subsection shall create a rebuttable presumption that the expungement is warranted so long as the criteria contained in subdivisions (1) to (4) of this subsection are otherwise satisfied.  The burden shall shift to the prosecuting attorney or circuit attorney to rebut the presumption.  A victim of a crime listed in the petition shall have an opportunity to be heard at any hearing held under this section.  A court may find that the continuing impact of the offense upon the victim rebuts the presumption that expungement is warranted.

  7.  A petition to expunge records related to an arrest for an eligible crime may be made in accordance with the provisions of this section to a court of competent jurisdiction in the county where the petitioner was arrested no earlier than eighteen months from the date of arrest; provided that, during such time, the petitioner has not been charged and the petitioner has not been found guilty of any misdemeanor or felony offense.

  8.  If the court determines that such person meets all the criteria set forth in subsection 6 of this section for each of the crimes listed in the petition for expungement, the court shall enter an order of expungement.  In all cases under this section, the court shall issue an order of expungement or dismissal within six months of the filing of the petition.  A copy of the order of expungement shall be provided to the petitioner and each entity possessing records subject to the order, and, upon receipt of the order, each entity shall close any record in its possession relating to any crime listed in the petition, in the manner established by section 610.120.  The records and files maintained in any administrative or court proceeding in a municipal, associate, or circuit court for any crime ordered expunged under this section shall be confidential and only available to the parties or by order of the court for good cause shown.  The central repository shall request the Federal Bureau of Investigation to expunge the records from its files.

  9.  The order shall not limit any of the petitioner's rights that were restricted as a collateral consequence of such person's criminal record, and such rights shall be restored upon issuance of the order of expungement.  Except as otherwise provided under this section, the effect of such order shall be to fully restore the civil rights of such person to the status he or she occupied prior to such arrests, pleas, trials, or convictions as if such events had never taken place.  This includes fully restoring the civil rights of a person to the right to vote, the right to hold public office, and to serve as a juror.  For purposes of 18 U.S.C. Section 921(a)(33)(B)(ii), an order of expungement granted pursuant to this section shall be considered a complete removal of all effects of the expunged conviction.  Except as otherwise provided under this section, the effect of such order shall be to restore such person to the status he or she occupied prior to such arrests, pleas, trials, or convictions as if such events had never taken place.  No person as to whom such order has been entered shall be held thereafter under any provision of law to be guilty of perjury or otherwise giving a false statement by reason of his or her failure to recite or acknowledge such arrests, pleas, trials, convictions, or expungement in response to an inquiry made of him or her and no such inquiry shall be made for information relating to an expungement, except the petitioner shall disclose the expunged crime to any court when asked or upon being charged with any subsequent crime.  The expunged crime may be considered a prior offense in determining a sentence to be imposed for any subsequent offense that the person is found guilty of committing.

  10.  Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection 9 of this section to the contrary, a person granted an expungement shall disclose any expunged crime when the disclosure of such information is necessary to complete any application for:

  (1)  A license, certificate, or permit issued by this state to practice such individual's profession;

  (2)  Any license issued under chapter 313 or permit issued under chapter 571;

  (3)  Paid or unpaid employment with an entity licensed under chapter 313, any state-operated lottery, or any emergency services provider, including any law enforcement agency;

  (4)  Employment with any federally insured bank or savings institution or credit union or an affiliate of such institution or credit union for the purposes of compliance with 12 U.S.C. Section 1829 and 12 U.S.C. Section 1785;

  (5)  Employment with any entity engaged in the business of insurance or any insurer for the purpose of complying with 18 U.S.C. Section 1033, 18 U.S.C. Section 1034, or other similar law which requires an employer engaged in the business of insurance to exclude applicants with certain criminal convictions from employment; or

  (6)  Employment with any employer that is required to exclude applicants with certain criminal convictions from employment due to federal or state law, including corresponding rules and regulations.

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An employer shall notify an applicant of the requirements under subdivisions (4) to (6) of this subsection.  Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary, an expunged crime shall not be grounds for automatic disqualification of an applicant, but may be a factor for denying employment, or a professional license, certificate, or permit; except that, a crime expunged under the provisions of this section may be grounds for automatic disqualification if the application is for employment under subdivisions (4) to (6) of this subsection.

  11.  A person who has been granted an expungement of records pertaining to a crime may answer "no" to an employer's inquiry into whether the person has ever been arrested, charged, or convicted of a crime if, after the granting of the expungement, the person has no public record of a crime.  The person, however, shall answer such an inquiry affirmatively and disclose his or her criminal convictions, including any offense expunged under this section or similar law, if the employer is required to exclude applicants with certain criminal convictions from employment due to federal or state law, including corresponding rules and regulations.

  12.  If the court determines that the petitioner has not met the criteria for any of the crimes listed in the petition for expungement or the petitioner has knowingly provided false information in the petition, the court shall enter an order dismissing the petition.  Any person whose petition for expungement has been dismissed by the court for failure to meet the criteria set forth in subsection 6 of this section may not refile another petition until a year has passed since the date of filing for the previous petition.

  13.  A person may be granted more than one expungement under this section provided that during his or her lifetime, the total number of crimes for which orders of expungement are granted to the person shall not exceed the following limits:

  (1)  Not more than three misdemeanor offenses or ordinance violations that have an authorized term of imprisonment; and

  (2)  Not more than two felony offenses.

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A person may be granted expungement under this section for any number of infractions.  Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit or impair in any way the subsequent use of any record expunged under this section of any arrests or findings of guilt by a law enforcement agency, criminal justice agency, prosecuting attorney or circuit attorney, including its use as a prior crime.

  14.  The court shall make available a form for pro se petitioners seeking expungement, which shall include the following statement:  "I declare under penalty of perjury that the statements made herein are true and correct to the best of my knowledge, information, and belief.".

  15.  Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit or restrict the availability of expungement to any person under any other law.

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(L. 2012 H.B. 1647, A.L. 2016 S.B. 588, 603 & 942, A.L. 2018 H.B. 1355 merged with S.B. 793 merged with S.B. 954, A.L. 2019 S.B. 1, A.L. 2021 S.B. 26 merged with S.B. 53 & 60, A.L. 2024 S.B. 754, et al.)

Effective 1-01-25

*Section 569.067 was repealed by S.B. 491, 2014, effective 1-01-17.

**Section 569.072 was transferred to section 577.078 by S.B. 491, 2014, effective 1-01-17.